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Taw qhia
Dyeing (xim) intermediates yog ib ceg tseem ceeb heev ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj zoo, thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam dyeing (xim) yog nyob ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov intermediates uas mus nrog nws.

Kev tsim cov dyeing thiab pigment intermediates hauv Suav teb tau tsim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txij li xyoo 1950s, nrog kev sib tw hnyav zuj zus hauv kev ua lag luam, dyeing thiab pigment intermediates tau tsim kho tshiab hauv kev siv tshuab;breakthroughs nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam tshiab, txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov txheej txheem tshiab, tshiab siv cov qub ntau yam, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam, siv huv si technology rau zus tau tej cov dyeing thiab pigment intermediates.

Ua ntej, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv cov intermediates
Duab

Qhov tseeb, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj intermediates yog multifaceted, ib tug tej yam nruab nrab siv nyob rau hauv dyestuff hu ua dye intermediates, thiab siv nyob rau hauv tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj thiab hu ua tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj intermediates.Intermediates yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog ib ceg ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj zoo tag nrho, yuav tsum tsis txhob muab faib ua dyestuff intermediates, tshuaj tua kab intermediates, tshuaj intermediates los ntawm kev lag luam, uas yuav txo tau qhov kev siv ntawm ib co intermediates thiab cuam tshuam rau nws txoj kev loj hlob.

Kev tshawb fawb tshuaj zoo intermediates yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ntau yam ntau yam, ntxiv rau ob peb ntau yam ntawm cov nplais ntau lawm yog qhov tshwj xeeb loj, feem ntau ntawm cov tonnage tsis loj heev, tab sis cov txheej txheem kev npaj yog feem ntau nyuaj, nrog rau ntau lub tsev tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev sib cais. , ntau lawm kuj tsim ib tug ntau ntawm "peb pov tseg" yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo.Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum koom nrog cov txheej txheem tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab teeb tsa cov khoom lag luam nruab nrab kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.

Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub teb chaws txawv teb chaws, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov khoom nruab nrab zoo li yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo kom ua tiav cov khoom tsim tawm, txheej txheej ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom tuaj yeem tsim ob peb mus rau kaum ob ntau yam ntawm intermediates, xws li kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev txhim kho tag nrho, kev siv tshiab tshuab yog yooj yim rau kev siv, yuav ua tiav ob zaug qhov tshwm sim nrog ib nrab ntawm kev siv zog.Nyiv qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem yog rau peb siv, thawj cov khoom lag luam nruab nrab hauv Nyij Pooj kuj tau tawg heev, txij li xyoo 1960 tau xya zaus los kho, tsom.

Los ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab kev loj hlob, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev dyeing thiab pigment intermediates kev lag luam tau mus txog qib siab dua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim cov nplai, thev naus laus zis thiab cov cuab yeej siv qib, uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev tsim kho hauv tsev dyeing thiab pigment kev lag luam, tab sis kuj muab cov khoom lag luam zoo dua. rau txawv teb chaws.

Cov ntaub ntawv raw xav tau rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab feem ntau yog tau los ntawm cov khoom lag luam roj av thiab coking chemical kev lag luam, feem ntau yog benzene, naphthalene, anthraquinone tebchaw, thiab tseem muaj qee qhov sib xyaw heterocyclic, thiab cov organic pigments npaj nrog heterocyclic compounds intermediates. qhov nce hauv xyoo tas los no.Tsis tas li ntawd, phenanthrene, pyridine, oxygen fluorene, quinoline, indole, carbazole, biphenyl series ntawm cov tebchaw, cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj no siv rau kev tsim cov dyes, tom qab ntawd kev siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws yuav ntau dua thiab thoob ntiaj teb.

Qhov thib ob, feem ntau siv tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj intermediates
Duab

Cov khoom siv raw yuav raug ua tiav rau hauv cov xim (xim) kev lag luam intermediates feem ntau siv tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li hauv qab no.

(1) sulfonation tshuaj tiv thaiv
(2) Nitration tshuaj tiv thaiv
(3) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv halogenation
(4) Txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los npaj cov amino
(5) Diazotization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (feem ntau nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coupling)
(6) alkali fusion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los hloov cov sulfonic acid pawg rau hydroxyl
(7) Acylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
(8) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation
(9) condensation thiab carbonation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
(10) Aromatization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (feem ntau yog amino)
(11) kev sib hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydroxyl thiab amino pawg
(12) hydroxyl lossis amino hydrocarbonation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv

Raws li cov qauv ntawm lub nplhaib tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj zoo intermediates, cov intermediates tuaj yeem muab faib ua aliphatic system, benzene system, naphthalene system, anthraquinone system, heterocyclic system thiab tuab lub nplhaib.Peb lub teb chaws tuaj yeem tsim benzene, naphthalene, anthraquinone, heterocyclic system, xws li dyeing, pigment intermediates ntau tshaj 400 ntau yam, hauv paus kom tau raws li dyeing, pigment kev lag luam kev xav tau.

Lub ntsiab ntau yam ntawm benzene system yog.

2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, o-nitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrophenol, N, N-dimethylaniline, p-aminoanisole, p-nitroaniline, o-toluidine, 2-bromo-6-chloro-p-nitroaniline, N- ethylaniline, m-hydroxydiethylaniline, 2,4-dinitro-6-bromoaniline, om-phenylenediamine, 3,3-dichlorobenzidine, bianisidine, p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, o-, p-aminoanisole, DSD, thiab lwm yam N-methyl-m- Toluidine, N-ethyl-m-toluidine, N, N-dimethyl-m-toluidine, N, N-diethyl-m-toluidine, N-methyl-hydroxyethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-hydroxyethyl-m-toluidine, N-methyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine.m-toluidine, N-ethyl cyanoethyl m-toluidine, N-methylphenyl m-toluidine, p-toluidine, ethoxy aniline, 2-4-dimethyl aniline, 4-chloro-3-aminobenzamide, 4-methyl-3-aminobenzamide, 4 -methoxy-3-aminobenzanilide, 4-methoxy-3-amino-N, N-diethylbenzenesulfonamide, 2,4,5-trichloroaniline, m- thiab para-esters, thiab lwm yam.

Lub ntsiab ntau yam ntawm naphthalene intermediates yog.

2-naphthol, H-acid, K-acid, 2,3-acid, 2,6-acid, tartaric acid, 6-nitro-1,2,4-acid oxygenate, J-acid, peri-acid, γ- G-ntsev, R-salt, amino K-acid, 2-naphthylamine-1,5-disulfonic acid, 1-naphthol-5-sulfonic acid, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2R- acid, thiab lwm yam. Lub ntsiab ntau yam ntawm anthraquinone intermediates yog: anthraquinone, 1-amino anthraquinone, 1,4-diamino anthraquinone, 1,5-dimethyl anthraquinone bromine, 1,5-diamino anthraquinone, 1-amino-5-benzoyl anthraquinone, 1,5-dihydroxy anthraquinone, 1,8-hydroxy anthraquinone, 1,8-dihydroxy-4,5-diamino anthraquinone, thiab lwm yam.

Lub ntsiab ntau yam ntawm heterocyclic system thiab tuab nplhaib system yog.

Melamine, barbituric acid, 2-amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole, 2-amino-5,6-dichlorobenzothiazole, 2-amino thiazole, dehydrothio-p-toluidine bisulfonic acid, 3-cyano-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-N- ethylpyridone, 3-formylamino-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-N-ethylpyridone, 4-chloro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, naphthalenetetracarboxylic anhydride, !tetracarboxylic anhydride, thiab lwm yam.