Reactive dyes muaj cov xim ci thiab ua tiav chromatograms. Nws paub txog nws daim ntawv thov yooj yim, tus nqi qis, thiab ceev ceev zoo heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cellulose fibers nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, reactive dyes tau dhau los ua hom xim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cellulose fiber ntau dyeing.

Tab sis qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm reactive dyes yog qhov qis qis qis thiab kho tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem dyeing ib txwm siv ntawm cellulose fiber, txhawm rau txhim kho cov dye uptake thiab fixation tus nqi ntawm reactive dyes, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm inorganic ntsev (sodium chloride los yog sodium sulfate) yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Nyob ntawm cov qauv xim thiab xim, cov ntsev siv feem ntau yog 30 txog 150 g / L. Txawm hais tias muaj kev vam meej zoo hauv kev kho cov organic tebchaw hauv kev luam ntawv thiab dyeing cov dej khib nyiab, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ntau cov ntsev inorganic hauv cov txheej txheem dyeing tsis tuaj yeem kho los ntawm kev yooj yim lub cev thiab biochemical txoj kev.

Kev tshawb fawb ntawm thev naus laus zis ntawm reactive dyes thiab ntsev-dawb dye

Los ntawm ib qho kev xav ntawm ecological, qhov tso tawm ntawm high-salinity printing thiab dyeing cov dej khib nyiab ncaj qha hloov cov dej zoo ntawm cov dej ntws thiab cov pas dej thiab rhuav tshem cov ecological ib puag ncig.
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Qhov siab permeability ntawm ntsev yuav ua rau salinization ntawm cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm cov dej ntws thiab pas dej, txo cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, kev siv ntau ntawm cov ntsev inorganic tsis tuaj yeem degraded los yog rov siv dua, thiab tib lub sij hawm muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov dej zoo thiab av. Raws li qhov no, tsab xov xwm no tshuaj xyuas cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no ntawm kev siv tshuab tsis muaj ntsev-dawb dyeing, thiab sib tham txog cov qauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsev tsawg reactive dyes, grafting technology, thiab cross-linking technology.

Reactive dyes rau dyeing tsis muaj ntsev

Cov yam ntxwv zoo heev ntawm cov dyes reactive yog cov qauv me me, zoo hydrophilicity, thiab yooj yim ntxuav tawm ntawm cov xim ntab tom qab kho. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb innovation nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm dye molecules. Tab sis qhov no kuj ua rau cov dye exhaustion npaum li cas thiab fixation tus nqi qis, thiab cov ntsev ntau yuav tsum tau ntxiv thaum dyeing. Ua rau poob ntawm cov dej qab ntsev ntau thiab cov dyes, yog li ua rau cov nqi kho dej khib nyiab. Ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug loj heev. Qee lub tuam txhab dyeing tau pib ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab txhim kho cov dye precursors thiab cov pab pawg reactive, thiab tsim cov dyes reactive rau cov dyeing tsawg ntsev. CibacronLs launched los ntawm Ciba yog ib hom tshuaj uas tsis muaj ntsev dyeing dyes uas siv cov pab pawg sib txawv los ua ke. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dyeing no yog tias cov ntsev siv hauv dyeing yog 1/4 rau 1/2 ntawm cov dyes dav dav. Nws tsis rhiab heev rau kev hloov pauv ntawm da dej piv thiab muaj kev rov ua tau zoo. Hom dyes no feem ntau yog dip dyeing thiab tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog disperse dyes rau ceev ib da dej dyeing ntawm polyester / paj rwb blends.

Sumitomo Corporation ntawm Nyiv tau npaj cov txheej txheem dyeing haum rau Sumifux Supra series dyes. Nws yog hu ua LETfS staining method. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntsev inorganic siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev no tsuas yog 1/2 mus rau 1/3 ntawm cov txheej txheem ib txwm, thiab da dej piv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1:10. Thiab launched ib tug series ntawm reactive dyes sib xws nrog cov txheej txheem. Cov dyes series no yog heterobi-reactive dyes muaj xws li monochloros-triazine thiab B-ethylsulfone sulfate. Tus nqi ntawm cov xim seem nyob hauv cov dej khib nyiab ntawm cov dyes series no tsuas yog 25% -30% ntawm cov ntsiab lus dyeing hauv cov dej khib nyiab dav dav. Nws raug pom zoo rau dyeing ntawm Tencel fibers. Nws qhia tau hais tias zoo heev daim ntawv thov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm fixation tus nqi, yooj yim ntxuav, thiab ntau yam fastnesses ntawm dyed khoom.

DyStar lub tuam txhab tau pib lub RemazolEF series dyes haum rau ntsev-dawb dyeing, pab pawg neeg nquag yog B-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate, thiab tau pib ua ib qho kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov ntsev-dawb dyeing txheej txheem. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntsev inorganic siv yog 1/3 ntawm cov txheej txheem pa. Cov txheej txheem dyeing yog luv luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kaw lus npog ntau yam ntawm chromatograms. Ntau yam ntawm peb lub ntsiab xim tuaj yeem ua ke kom tau cov xim ci. Lub tuam txhab Clariant (Clariant) tau tshaj tawm cov DrimareneHF series ntawm reactive dyes, feem ntau nyob rau hauv 4 ntau yam: DrimareneBlueHF-RL, 戡ownHF-2RL, NavyHF-G, RedHF-G, siv rau qaug zog dyeing thiab tas li dyeing ntawm cellulose fibers, daim ntawv thov kev ua tau zoo thiab zoo. ceev ceev. Lub fixation tus nqi yog heev, tsis tshua muaj ntsev thiab tsawg cawv piv. Nruab nrab fixation, zoo washability.

Qee qhov tshiab tsim cov dyes tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov ncaj qha ntawm cov dyes los ntawm kev ua kom lub ntim ntawm cov dye molecules thiab txo cov inorganic ntsev. Piv txwv li, kev taw qhia ntawm pawg urea tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm pawg neeg nquag thiab txo qis cov ntsev inorganic. Txhim kho tus nqi fixation; kuj tseem muaj polyazo dye precursors (xws li trisazo, tetraazo) kom cov dyeing ncaj qha, thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm ntsev-dawb dyeing. Lub siab steric hindrance nyhuv ntawm qee cov dyes nyob rau hauv cov qauv kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov reactive pawg ntawm reactive dyes thiab tus nqi ntsev siv hauv dyeing. Cov teebmeem steric hindrance no feem ntau yog kev taw qhia ntawm alkyl substituents ntawm ntau txoj haujlwm ntawm cov xim matrix. Lawv cov yam ntxwv yooj yim yog cov ntsiab lus los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb raws li hauv qab no:

Active pab pawg ib SO: CH2CH: oS03Na tuaj yeem nyob hauv meta lossis para txoj haujlwm ntawm lub nplhaib benzene;

R3 tuaj yeem nyob hauv ortho, inter, lossis para txoj haujlwm ntawm lub nplhaib benzene. Cov qauv qauv yog vinyl sulfone reactive dyes.

Cov khoom siv sib txawv lossis cov haujlwm sib txawv ntawm cov dyes tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tib yam hauv tib lub dyeing, tab sis lawv cov dyeing ntsev cov nqi sib txawv heev.

Cov tshuaj uas tsis tshua muaj ntsev zoo heev yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no: 1) Cov ntsev siv hauv dyeing yog txo qis heev; 2) Dyeing nyob rau hauv ib tug tsawg da dej piv dye da dej, dyeing da dej stability; 3) Zoo washability. Txo lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tom qab; 4) Zoo heev reproducibility. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev txhim kho dyeing, ntxiv rau cov saum toj no-hais kev txhim kho ntawm cov dye matrix qauv thiab tsim nyog ua ke ntawm active pab pawg neeg, ib txhia neeg tau synthesized lub thiaj li hu ua cationic reactive dyes, uas yuav dyed yam tsis tau ntxiv ntsev. Piv txwv li Cationic reactive dyes ntawm cov qauv hauv qab no:

Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov qauv saum toj no uas lub cev xim txuas nrog rau pawg nquag ntawm monochloro-triazine. Ib pawg pyridine quaternary ammonium kuj txuas nrog lub nplhaib s-triazine. Cov dyeing yog zoo them thiab quaternary ammonium pawg yog ib pawg dej-soluble. Txij li thaum tsis yog tsuas yog tsis muaj nqi repulsion ntawm cov dye molecules thiab fiber, tab sis kuj yog qhov attraction ntawm zoo thiab tsis zoo nqi, cov dye yog ib qho yooj yim mus cuag lub fiber nto thiab adsorb rau cov dyed fiber. Lub xub ntiag ntawm electrolytes nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj dyeing yuav tsis tsuas tsis tsim cov dye-txhim nyhuv, tab sis kuj tsis muaj zog lub attraction ntawm cov dyeing thiab fiber, yog li no hom dyeing yuav dyed yam tsis tau ntxiv electrolytes rau ntsev-dawb dyeing. Cov txheej txheem dyeing yog zoo ib yam li cov reactive dyes. Rau monochloros-triazine reactive dyes, sodium carbonate tseem ntxiv ua tus neeg saib xyuas kho. Qhov ntsuas kub yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 85 ℃. Tus nqi dye uptake tuaj yeem ncav cuag 90% mus rau 94%, thiab tus nqi fixation yog 80% mus rau 90%. Nws muaj lub teeb nrawm nrawm thiab ntxuav ceev ceev. Zoo sib xws cationic reactive dyes kuj tau qhia siv monofluoro-s-triazine raws li pab pawg neeg nquag. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm monofluoro-s-triazine yog siab dua li ntawm monochloro-s-triazine.

Cov dyes tseem tuaj yeem dyed hauv paj rwb / acrylic sib tov, thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm cov xim (xws li kev sib tw thiab kev sib raug zoo, thiab lwm yam) yuav tsum tau kawm ntxiv. Tab sis nws muab txoj hauv kev tshiab rau cellulose fiber ntau los ua kom tsis muaj ntsev dyeing.