Kev lag luam tshuaj zoo yog lub npe dav dav rau kev tsim cov tshuaj zoo, uas yog hu ua "tshuaj zoo", thiab nws cov khoom kuj tseem hu ua tshuaj zoo lossis tshuaj tshwj xeeb.

Cov khoom siv nruab nrab ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj zoo yog nyob rau sab xub ntiag ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj zoo. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txuas ntxiv tsim cov khoom siv tshuaj zoo. Nws cov ntawv thov downstream suav nrog: cov ntaub ntawv rhiab heev rau cua sov, cov yas engineering tshwj xeeb, cov ntawv luam ntawv thiab cov khoom siv zas xim, cov tshuaj tawv, cov polymers zoo thiab cov tshuaj tua kab, cov xim ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam.

Kev lag luam intermediates ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj zoo yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho sai, qhov ntsuas khoom qis, thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm ntawm cov khoom cuam tshuam.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam yav dhau los, thaum daim ntawv thov downstream ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab tau lees paub, qhov ceev ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam yuav ceev heev.

Vim yog cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom nyuaj, cov txheej txheem ntev thiab kev hloov kho sai ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj thiab lwm yam khoom siv tshuaj zoo, tsis muaj lub tuam txhab twg tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi hauv kev txhim kho, kev tsim khoom thiab kev muag khoom.

Cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb thoob ntiaj teb siv tag nrho cov peev txheej thoob ntiaj teb, yog li ntawd, cov nyiaj tau los, kev hloov chaw, kev teeb tsa, cov peev txheej kev lag luam, muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thiab kev muag khoom, thiab hloov cov saw hlau ntawm kev tsim khoom mus rau cov teb chaws uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov hauv paus thev naus laus zis, xws li Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb thiab tom qab ntawd tsim tawm hauv cov teb chaws no tsom mus rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom nruab nrab.

Thaum pib ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam, Tuam Tshoj tsuas tuaj yeem tsim tau ob peb yam khoom nruab nrab yooj yim xwb, thiab cov khoom tsim tawm tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau hauv tebchaws.

Raws li lub xeev ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj zoo nyob rau xyoo tas los no tau txhawb nqa zoo, los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho mus rau kev tsim khoom thiab kev muag khoom ntawm kev lag luam nruab nrab hauv Suav teb tau tsim ib pawg ntawm cov txheej txheem tiav, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom nruab nrab xws li tshuaj intermediates, dyes intermediates, tshuaj tua kab intermediates 36 pawg tag nrho ntau dua 40000 hom khoom nruab nrab, ntxiv rau kev ua tau raws li kev thov hauv tsev, kuj yog ntau tus xa khoom mus rau thoob ntiaj teb ntau dua 30 lub tebchaws thiab thaj chaw.

Tuam Tshoj txoj kev xa tawm txhua xyoo ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab tshaj 5 lab tons, tau dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb kev tsim khoom nruab nrab loj tshaj plaws thiab kev xa tawm.

Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam xim nruab nrab tau tsim kho sai, thiab tau dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb tus tsim cov xim nruab nrab loj tshaj plaws, ua tus thawj coj hauv cov peev txheej, sab saud thiab sab hauv qab ntawm cov saw hlau kev lag luam, kev thauj mus los thiab kev thauj mus los, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam, nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam.

Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev nce siab ntawm ib puag ncig, feem ntau cov chaw tsim khoom me thiab nruab nrab tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ib txwm vim muaj peev xwm tswj hwm kev ua qias tuaj tsis txaus, thiab lawv pheej txwv kev tsim khoom, tsum tsis txhob tsim khoom lossis kaw tag nrho. Tus qauv kev sib tw ua lag luam maj mam hloov pauv ntawm kev sib tw tsis sib haum xeeb mus rau cov neeg tsim khoom loj zoo.

Qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov saw hlau hauv kev lag luam tshwm sim hauv kev lag luam. Cov lag luam loj loj maj mam nthuav dav mus rau kev lag luam qis qis, thaum cov lag luam loj loj nthuav dav mus rau kev lag luam nruab nrab.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov tshuaj zas xim muaj ntau yam khoom, ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom muaj lawv cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb, yog tias muaj cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom siab heev hauv ib yam khoom, lub hwj chim sib tham hauv kev lag luam ntawm ib yam khoom tuaj yeem nce ntxiv ntau heev.

Cov tsav tsheb hauv kev lag luam

(1) Cov cib fim zoo rau kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg thoob ntiaj teb
Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev faib ua haujlwm hauv ntiaj teb, cov saw hlau lag luam ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg zoo kuj tau tshwm sim staged division of labor.
Txhua yam kev siv tshuab zoo hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, txuas ntev, hloov kho sai, txawm tias cov tuam txhab tshuaj lom neeg thoob ntiaj teb loj tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm txhua qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm txhua yam thev naus laus zis thiab txuas, yog li ntawd, feem ntau ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg zoo hauv kev lag luam kev txhim kho los ntawm "hloov chaw" maj mam mus rau "me me tab sis zoo", siv zog ua kom nws txoj haujlwm tob zuj zus hauv kev lag luam.
Yuav kom txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm peev, tsom mus rau qhov kev sib tw sab hauv, txhim kho qhov ceev ntawm kev teb rau kev ua lag luam, ua kom zoo dua qhov kev faib cov peev txheej thiab cov tuam txhab tshuaj lom neeg loj hauv tebchaws kom hloov chaw, teeb tsa, cov peev txheej kev lag luam, yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswv yim khoom lag luam kom tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb khoom kawg thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam, thiab tsim ib lossis ntau qhov txuas mus rau qib siab dua, qhov zoo sib piv ntawm cov khoom lag luam tshuaj lom neeg zoo.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg thoob ntiaj teb tau coj cov cib fim zoo rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg zoo hauv Suav teb.

(2) Kev txhawb nqa zoo los ntawm cov cai tswjfwm kev lag luam hauv tebchaws
Tuam Tshoj yeej ib txwm muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam tshuaj zoo. Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Tsim Kho Kev Lag Luam (2011 tsab) (Kev Hloov Kho) uas tau muab los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Hloov Kho Hauv Tebchaws thaum Lub Ob Hlis 16, 2013 tau teev cov kev tsim cov xim thiab cov xim nruab nrab uas huv dua li cov thev naus laus zis uas lub xeev txhawb nqa.
"Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv zoo dua - thiab cov txiaj ntsig loj dua - hauv kev npaj" tau hais txog "kev siv cov khoom siv huv dua thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis siab heev los txhim kho cov khoom siv tsim khoom uas twb muaj lawm, txo kev siv, txo cov pa phem, txhim kho kev sib tw thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov" thiab "txhawb cov xim thiab lawv cov khoom siv nruab nrab ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom huv thiab siv tau zoo heev" peb qhov pov tseg "kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis kho mob, txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis siv xim thiab kev pabcuam, tsa qib kev pabcuam hauv kev lag luam xim".
Kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg zoo ntawm lub tuam txhab ua lag luam tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txhawb nqa txoj cai macro-industrial hauv tebchaws, uas yuav txhawb kev txhim kho kev lag luam mus rau qee qhov.

(3) Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg zoo muaj qhov zoo dua hauv kev sib tw
Nrog rau kev sib faib ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev hloov pauv kev lag luam tob zuj zus, piv rau cov tebchaws tsim kho, cov tebchaws tseem tab tom txhim kho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Tuam Tshoj, yuav pom ntau dua thiab ntau dua qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi, suav nrog:
Qhov zoo ntawm kev nqis peev: Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho, Tuam Tshoj tau tsim ib lub kaw lus kev lag luam uas paub tab. Tus nqi ntawm kev yuav khoom siv tshuaj, kev teeb tsa, kev tsim kho thiab lwm yam khoom siv qis dua li cov tebchaws tsim.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw: Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tseem ceeb hauv Suav teb tau ua tiav kev txaus siab rau tus kheej thiab txawm tias qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev muab khoom ntau dhau, tuaj yeem lav qhov muab cov khoom siv raw pheej yig;
Qhov zoo ntawm cov nqi zog ua haujlwm: Piv nrog rau cov tebchaws tsim kho, cov neeg ua haujlwm tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho hauv Suav teb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam them nyiaj ntau heev nrog cov tebchaws tsim kho.

(4) Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau dhau los ua qhov nruj dua thiab cov lag luam rov qab raug tshem tawm
Ib puag ncig zoo yog ib qho ntawm cov yam yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv lub tebchaws. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, lub xeev tau muab cov kev cai siab dua rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nruj dua.
Cov dej khib nyiab, cov roj khib nyiab thiab cov khib nyiab khov uas tsim tawm hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj zoo yuav muaj qee qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig ecological. Yog li ntawd, cov tuam txhab tshuaj zoo yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, tswj hwm cov pa phem uas twb muaj lawm, thiab ua raws li cov qauv kev tso pa phem hauv tebchaws.
Kev txhim kho cov kev cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yog qhov zoo rau kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg los txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom lag luam uas zoo rau ib puag ncig, txhim kho kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom, tshem tawm cov lag luam rov qab, yog li ua rau kev lag luam sib tw ntau dua.