1,3-Dichlorobenzene yog cov kua tsis muaj xim uas muaj ntxhiab tsw. Insoluble hauv dej, soluble hauv cawv thiab ether. Toxic rau tib neeg lub cev, irritating rau qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij. Nws yog combustible thiab muaj peev xwm undergo chlorination, nitrification, sulfonation, thiab hydrolysis tshuaj. Nws reacts hnyav nrog txhuas thiab yog siv rau hauv cov organic synthesis.

Lub npe Askiv: 1,3-Dichlorobenzene

Lus Askiv alias: 1,3-Dichloro Benzene; m-Dichloro Benzene; m-Dichlorobenzene

PIB: MFCD00000573

CAS Nr .: 541-73-1

Cov mis mos molecular: C6H4Cl2

Molecular Luj: 147.002

Cov ntaub ntawv lub cev:

1. Khoom: kua xim tsis muaj xim nrog pungent tsw.
2. Melting point (℃): -24.8
3. Kub taw tes (℃): 173
4. Cov txheeb ze ntom ntom (dej = 1): 1.29
5. Cov txheeb ze vapor ceev (air=1): 5.08
6. Saturated vapor siab (kPa): 0.13 (12.1 ℃)
7. Thaum tshav kub kub combustion (kJ/mol): -2952.9
8. Qhov kub thiab txias (℃): 415.3
9. Lub siab tseem ceeb (MPa): 4.86
10. Octanol / dej faib coefficient: 3.53
11. Flash point (℃): 72
12. Ignition kub (℃): 647
13. Sab saum toj tawg txwv (%): 7.8
14. Tsawg tawg txwv (%): 1.8
15. Solubility: insoluble hauv dej, soluble hauv ethanol thiab ether, thiab yooj yim soluble hauv acetone.
16. Viscosity (mPa·s, 23.3ºC): 1.0450
17. Ignition point (ºC): 648
18. Kub ntawm evaporation (KJ/mol, bp): 38.64
19. Thaum tshav kub kub tsim (KJ/mol, 25ºC, kua): 20.47
20. Thaum tshav kub kub combustion (KJ/mol, 25ºC, kua): 2957.72
21. Cov peev txheej kub tshwj xeeb (KJ / (kg·K), 0ºC, kua): 1.13
22. Solubility (%, dej, 20ºC): 0.0111
23. Cov txheeb ze ntom ntom (25 ℃, 4 ℃): 1.2828
24. Qhov ntsuas kub li qub refractive index (n25): 1.5434
25. Solubility parameter (J·cm-3) 0.5: 19.574
26. Van der Waals cheeb tsam (cm2·mol-1): 8.220 × 109
27. Van der Waals ntim (cm3·mol-1): 87.300
28. Cov txheej txheem ua kua ua kom sov (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): -20.7
29. Ua kua theem txheem kub yaj (J·mol-1·K-1): 170.9
30. Cov txheej txheem roj cua kub (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): 25.7
31. Standard entropy ntawm roj theem (J·mol-1·K-1): 343.64
32. Tus qauv pub dawb lub zog ntawm kev tsim hauv cov roj theem (kJ·mol-1): 78.0
33. Gas theem txheem kub yaj (J·mol-1·K-1): 113.90

Txoj kev khaws cia:
Kev ceev faj rau kev khaws cia, khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhov cua nkag rau hauv tsev. Khaws kom deb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab qhov chaw kub. Khaws lub thawv kaw kom nruj. Nws yuav tsum tau muab cais los ntawm oxidants, aluminium, thiab edible tshuaj, thiab tsis txhob sib tov cia. Nruab nrog qhov tsim nyog ntau yam thiab ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov chaw cia khoom yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog.

daws kev daws teeb meem:
Txoj kev npaj yog raws li nram no. Siv chlorobenzene ua raw khoom rau ntxiv chlorination, p-dichlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene thiab m-dichlorobenzene tau txais. Txoj kev sib cais dav dav siv sib xyaw dichlorobenzene rau kev ua kom tsis tu ncua. Cov para- thiab meta-dichlorobenzene yog distilled los ntawm lub sab saum toj ntawm lub pej thuam, p-dichlorobenzene yog precipitated los ntawm khov thiab crystallization, thiab cov niam cawv yog ces kho kom tau meta-dichlorobenzene. Lub o-dichlorobenzene yog flash distilled nyob rau hauv lub flash pej thuam kom tau o-dichlorobenzene. Tam sim no, cov dichlorobenzene sib xyaw siv cov txheej txheem adsorption thiab kev sib cais, siv molecular sieve ua tus adsorbent, thiab cov roj theem sib xyaw dichlorobenzene nkag mus rau ntauwd adsorption, uas tuaj yeem xaiv adsorb p-dichlorobenzene, thiab cov kua seem yog meta thiab ortho dichlorobenzene. Kev kho kom tau txais m-dichlorobenzene thiab o-dichlorobenzene. Lub adsorption kub yog 180-200 ° C, thiab lub siab adsorption yog ib txwm siab.

1. Meta-phenylenediamine diazonium txoj kev: meta-phenylenediamine diazotized nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium nitrite thiab sulfuric acid, lub diazotization kub yog 0 ~ 5 ℃, thiab diazonium kua yog hydrolyzed nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cuprous chloride los tsim intercalation Dichlorobenzene.

2. Meta-chloroaniline txoj kev: Siv cov tshuaj meta-chloroaniline ua cov khoom siv raw, diazotization yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium nitrite thiab hydrochloric acid, thiab diazonium kua yog hydrolyzed nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cuprous chloride los tsim meta-dichlorobenzene.

Ntawm cov saum toj no ob peb txoj kev npaj, txoj kev tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau industrialization thiab tus nqi qis yog adsorption cais txoj kev sib xyaw dichlorobenzene. Muaj twb muaj chaw tsim khoom nyob rau hauv Suav teb rau ntau lawm.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb:
1. Siv nyob rau hauv cov organic synthesis. Friedel-Crafts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm m-dichlorobenzene thiab chloroacetyl chloride yields 2,4,ω-trichloroacetophenone, uas yog siv los ua ib qho nruab nrab rau broad-spectrum antifungal tshuaj miconazole. Cov tshuaj chlorination yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ferric chloride los yog txhuas mercury, feem ntau ua 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug catalyst, nws yog hydrolyzed ntawm 550-850 ° C los tsim m-chlorophenol thiab resorcinol. Siv tooj liab oxide ua ib qho catalyst, nws reacts nrog concentrated ammonia ntawm 150-200 ° C nyob rau hauv siab los tsim m-phenylenediamine.
2. Siv nyob rau hauv dye manufacturing, organic synthesis intermediates thiab cov kuab tshuaj.