Kuj hu ua dimethyl tiphenylamine, tsis muaj xim rau lub teeb daj oily kua, nrog ib tug pungent tsw, yooj yim rau oxidize nyob rau hauv huab cua los yog nyob rau hauv lub hnub thiab siv ze darkened. Cov txheeb ze ntom ntom (20℃/4℃0.9555, khov taw tes 2.0℃, 193 ib℃, flash point (qhib) 77℃, HWV 317℃, viscosity (25℃1.528mpa-s, refractive index (n20D) 1.5584. Soluble nyob rau hauv ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene thiab lwm yam organic solvents. Soluble nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov organic tebchaw. Me ntsis soluble hauv dej. Nws yog comburuaj khov thiab yuav kub hnyiab tau thaum muaj nplaim taws qhib. Cov vapor thiab huab cua yuav tsim ib qho kev sib xyaw tawg nrog qhov txwv tsis pub tawg ntawm 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). Nws yog cov tshuaj lom heev, thiab cov roj aniline muaj kuab lom yog tso tawm los ntawm lub zog kub kub decomposition. Nws tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ua rau muaj tshuaj lom, LD501410mg / kg, qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai nyob rau hauv huab cua yog 5mg / m3.

Txoj kev khaws cia

1.Kev ceev faj cia[25] Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhov cua zoo. Khaws kom deb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab qhov chaw kub. Khaws lub thawv kaw. Nws yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm cov kua qaub, halogens, thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab tsis txhob sib xyaw. Nruab nrog cov khoom sib xws thiab ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tua hluav taws. Lub chaw cia khoom yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej kho mob xwm txheej ceev rau cov dej xau thiab cov khoom siv vaj tse tsim nyog.

2. Txais cov hlau nruas ntim ntim, 180kg ib lub nruas, thiab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias thiab qhov cua. Khaws thiab thauj raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tshuaj lom.

txheej txheem synthesis

1. Nws yog tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm aniline thiab methanol nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sulfuric acid nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Txheej txheem khiav: 1. 790kg ntawm aniline, 625kg ntawm methanol, 85kg ntawm sulfuric acid (ammonium 100%) yog ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kettle, tswj kub 210-215℃, siab 3.1MPa, react rau 4h, ces tso lub siab, cov khoom yog tawm mus rau lub separator, neutralized los ntawm 30% sodium hydroxide, static, thiab qis dua quaternary ammonium ntsev yog sib cais. Tom qab ntawd 160℃, 0.7-0.9MPa hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau 3h, cov khoom siv hydrolysis thiab txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom oily ua ke los ntawm kev ntxuav tom qab nqus distillation ntawm cov khoom tiav.

2. Siv methanol thiab aniline li raw cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog synthesized los ntawm alumina catalyst nyob rau hauv tus mob ntawm 200-250℃nrog ntau tshaj methanol thiab atmospheric siab. Cov khoom siv raw quota: aniline 790kg / t, methanol 625kg / t, sulfuric acid 85kg / t. Kev npaj hauv chav kuaj tuaj yeem ua rau aniline nrog trimethyl phosphate.

3. aniline thiab methanol sib xyaw (n aniline: n methanol≈1: 3), thiab los ntawm cov twj tso kua mis reciprocating uas tsis yog mem tes metering twj tso kua mis txhaj ntawm 0.5h-1 cua ceev rau hauv lub reactor nruab nrog ib tug catalyst, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm ua ntej mus rau hauv lub iav gas-kua separator, lub separator nyob rau hauv cov kua sau ntawm ib ntus tshem tawm rau chromatographic tsom xam.

Nyob rau xyoo 2001, Nankai University thiab Tianjin Ruikai Technology Development Co., Ltd. tau sib koom ua ke tsim cov aniline methylation catalyst muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab paub txog cov roj-theem synthesis ntawm N, N-dimethyl aniline. Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no: Cov kua aniline yog tov nrog methanol, vaporized nyob rau hauv lub vaporization ntauwd, thiab ces nkag mus rau hauv lub tubular reactor nrog ib tug huab cua tshaj tawm ntawm 0.5-1.0h-1 (lub txaj tsau ntawm lub tubular reactor yog nruab nrog loaded nano. -solid catalyst), thiab ua tsis tu ncua ntawm 250-300℃under atmospheric siab, nrog DMA tawm los ntawm 96%.

Refining method: Nws feem ntau muaj impurities xws li aniline thiab N-methyl aniline. N, N-dimethylaniline yog yaj hauv 40% sulfuric acid thiab distilled los ntawm dej vapor. Sodium hydroxide yog ntxiv kom nws alkaline. Lub distillation yog txuas ntxiv nrog dej vapor. Lub distillate yog cais rau hauv cov txheej txheem dej thiab qhuav nrog potassium hydroxide. Ib txwm siab distillation yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm acetic anhydride. Lub distillate yog ntxuav nrog dej kom tshem tawm cov kab ntawm acetic anhydride, qhuav nrog poov tshuaj hydroxide, tom qab ntawd los ntawm barium oxide, thiab distilled nyob rau hauv txo siab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug kwj ntawm nitrogen. Lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm refining lub distillate muaj xws li ntxiv 10% acetic anhydride thiab refluxing rau ob peb teev kom tshem tawm cov thawj thiab theem nrab amines. Tom qab txias, qhov ntau tshaj ntawm 20% hydrochloric acid yog ntxiv thiab muab rho tawm nrog ether. Lub hydrochloric acid txheej yog alkaline nrog alkali thiab ces muab rho tawm nrog ether, thiab ether txheej yog qhuav nrog poov tshuaj hydroxide thiab distilled nyob rau hauv txo siab nyob rau hauv ib tug kwj ntawm nitrogen. N, N-dimethylaniline kuj tuaj yeem hloov mus rau picric acid ntsev, recrystallized mus rau qhov chaw melting tas li thiab tom qab ntawd decomposed nrog sov 10% aqueous tov ntawm sodium hydroxide. Tom qab ntawd nws yog muab rho tawm nrog ether, ntxuav thiab qhuav, thiab distilled nyob rau hauv txo siab.

5. Aniline, methanol thiab sulfuric acid sib tov nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem, condensation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub autoclave, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm lub siab nyem rov qab ntawm methanol, ntxiv alkali neutralization, sib cais thiab ces distillation los ntawm kev txo siab kom tau cov khoom.

6. N, N-dimethylaniline tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv methylation ntawm aniline thiab trimethyl phosphate, thiab ces muab rho tawm los ntawm ether, qhuav thiab distilled.

7. N, N-dimethylaniline tuaj yeem ua ke rau ntawm lub txaj catalytic ntawm Ziegler catalyst hauv tooj liab-manganese system lossis tooj liab-zinc-chromium system ntawm 280℃nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm aniline thiab methanol ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 3.5. Cov tau N, N-dimethylaniline tau sau ntawm 193-195℃ntawm 54-tab kem distillation ntaus ntawv thiab ntim rau hauv cov iav xim av. Rau kev npaj cov ntshiab N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-dimethylaniline tuaj yeem raug txhaj nrog cov roj nitrogen raws li cov roj nqa mus rau hauv kev npaj roj chromatograph which muaj ib kab hlau phosphate.

Daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb

1. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov ntsev-raws li dyestuff (triphenylmethane dyestuff, thiab lwm yam) thiab alkali dyestuff. 2. Siv los ua hnyav, hlau preservative, curing agent rau epoxy resin, curing accelerant rau polyester resin, co-catalyst rau polymerization ntawm ethylene tebchaw, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj yog siv rau kev npaj alkaline triphenylmethane dyes, azo dyes thiab vanillin, thiab lwm yam. 3. Nws kuj yog siv rau hauv kev npaj cov alkaline triphenylmethane dyes, azo dyes thiab vanillin, thiab lwm yam. 3. Nws yog siv los ua ib qho catalyst hauv kev tsim cov polyurethane ua npuas ncauj hauv kev koom tes nrog organotin tebchaw. Nws kuj tseem siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim cov polyurethane ua npuas ncauj thiab ua cov khoom siv raw rau roj hmab vulcanization txhawb nqa, tawg thiab tshuaj. N, N-Dimethylaniline yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj los tsim cephalosporin V, sulfamethoxine N-methoxypyrimidine, sulfamethoxine o-dimethoxypyrimidine, fluorosporine, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam naj hoom los tsim vanillin. 4. Siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau epoxy resin, polyester cob thiab anaerobic kua nplaum, kom cov kua nplaum anaerobic solidifies sai. Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke rau cov polymerization ntawm ethylene compounds, hlau preservative, ultraviolet absorber rau tshuaj pleev ib ce, photosensitizer, thiab lwm yam. Disperse dyes, acid dyes, oil-soluble dyes thiab fragrances (vanillin), thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj yog siv los ua raw khoom rau kev tsim alkaline dyes, disperse dyes, acid dyes, roj-soluble dyes thiab txuj lom (vanillin), thiab lwm yam. siv los ua reagent rau photometric txiav txim siab ntawm nitrite. Kuj tseem siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj, thiab siv hauv cov organic synthesis.6. Siv ua dye intermediates, kuab tshuaj, stabilizers, analytical reagents. [26]