Cov kev lag luam sib txawv muaj cov kev xav tau sib txawv rau qhov zoo thiab tus nqi ntawm ammonia.

Txij li xyoo 2022, kev npaj ua haujlwm ammonia ntsuab hauv tebchaws tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim kho, xav txog tias lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm qhov project feem ntau yog 2 txog 3 xyoos, qhov project ammonia ntsuab hauv tebchaws yuav coj mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom hauv nruab nrab. Kev lag luam kwv yees tias los ntawm xyoo 2024, ammonia ntsuab hauv tebchaws lossis yuav ua tiav kev nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab lub peev xwm muab khoom yuav ze li ntawm 1 lab tons / xyoo los ntawm xyoo 2025. Los ntawm qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam rau ammonia hluavtaws, cov ntu lag luam sib txawv muaj cov kev xav tau sib txawv rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab tus nqi ntawm ammonia hluavtaws, thiab nws tseem tsim nyog pib los ntawm cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm txhua qhov txuas kev ua lag luam los tshawb nrhiav lub sijhawm ua lag luam ntawm ammonia ntsuab.

Raws li qhov kev muab khoom thiab kev thov ntawm cov ammonia hluavtaws hauv Suav teb, qhov kev thov zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm txhua ntu kev ua lag luam thiab tus nqi ntawm ammonia, NENG Jing kev tshawb fawb tsuas yog tshuaj xyuas qhov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov chaw ua lag luam ntawm ammonia ntsuab hauv txhua qhov kev coj ua lag luam rau kev siv hauv kev lag luam.

01 Kev lag luam ammonia ntsuab muaj peb txoj kev tseem ceeb

Nyob rau theem no, kev muab khoom thiab kev thov ntawm kev lag luam ammonia hluavtaws hauv tsev yog qhov sib npaug, thiab muaj qee qhov muaj peev xwm ntau dhau.

Nyob rau sab kev thov, kev siv pom tseeb tseem txuas ntxiv loj hlob. Raws li Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Txheeb Xyuas Hauv Tebchaws thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev lis kev cai, kev lag luam ammonia tsim yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev siv hauv tsev, thiab kev siv pom tseeb ntawm ammonia tsim hauv tsev yuav nce ntxiv li 1% txhua xyoo txij li xyoo 2020 txog 2022, mus txog li 53.2 lab tons los ntawm xyoo 2022. Los ntawm xyoo 2025, nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm caprolactam thiab lwm yam khoom siv downstream, nws xav tias yuav txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm kev siv ammonia tsim, thiab kev siv pom tseeb yuav ncav cuag 60 lab tons.

Nyob rau sab kev muab khoom, tag nrho cov peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm cov ammonia hluavtaws yog nyob rau theem ntawm "qis qis". Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Nitrogen Fertilizer Industry Association, txij li thaum qhib lub peev xwm tsim khoom rov qab ntawm cov ammonia hluavtaws hauv Suav teb thaum lub sijhawm "13th Tsib-Xyoo Plan", kev hloov kho ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov peev xwm tsim khoom tau ua tiav los ntawm xyoo 2022, thiab lub peev xwm tsim khoom ntawm cov ammonia hluavtaws tau hloov pauv los ntawm kev txo qis mus rau kev nce thawj zaug, rov zoo los ntawm 64.88 lab tons / xyoo hauv xyoo 2021 mus rau 67.6 lab tons / xyoo, thiab ntau dua 4 lab tons / xyoo ntawm cov peev xwm txhua xyoo (tsis suav nrog cov ammonia ntsuab) tau npaj yuav tsaws. Los ntawm xyoo 2025, lub peev xwm tsim khoom lossis ntau dua 70 lab tons / xyoo, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev muaj peev xwm ntau dhau yog siab.

Kev ua liaj ua teb, kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub zog yuav yog peb txoj kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm cov ammonia tsim thiab ammonia ntsuab. Cov teb ua liaj ua teb thiab tshuaj lom neeg tsim cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov ammonia tsim. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Zhuochuang Information, xyoo 2022, kev siv cov ammonia tsim hauv kev ua liaj ua teb yuav suav txog li 69% ntawm tag nrho cov kev siv cov ammonia tsim hauv Suav teb, feem ntau yog rau kev tsim cov urea, phosphate chiv thiab lwm yam chiv; Kev siv cov ammonia tsim hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg suav txog li 31%, uas feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv tshuaj xws li nitric acid, caprolactam thiab acrylonitrile. Lub zog yog lub lag luam nce ntxiv yav tom ntej rau cov ammonia tsim. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev xam ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Zog, ntawm theem no, kev siv cov ammonia tsim hauv thaj chaw zog tseem tsawg dua 0.1% ntawm tag nrho cov kev siv cov ammonia tsim, thiab los ntawm xyoo 2050, qhov feem pua ​​ntawm kev siv cov ammonia tsim hauv thaj chaw zog yuav tsum ncav cuag ntau dua 25%, thiab cov xwm txheej siv tau feem ntau suav nrog cov neeg nqa khoom hydrogen, roj thauj mus los, thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ammonia hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob thermal.

02 Kev thov ua liaj ua teb - Kev tswj tus nqi qis dua yog muaj zog, cov nyiaj tau los ntawm ammonia ntsuab me dua me ntsis, qhov kev thov rau ammonia hauv thaj teb ua liaj ua teb yog qhov ruaj khov. Cov xwm txheej siv ammonia hauv thaj teb ua liaj ua teb feem ntau suav nrog kev tsim cov chiv urea thiab ammonium phosphate. Ntawm lawv, kev tsim urea yog qhov xwm txheej siv ammonia loj tshaj plaws hauv thaj teb ua liaj ua teb, thiab 0.57-0.62 tons ntawm ammonia raug noj rau txhua 1 ton ntawm urea tsim. Raws li Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Txheeb Xyuas Hauv Tebchaws, txij li xyoo 2018 txog 2022, kev tsim cov urea hauv tsev tau hloov pauv ib puag ncig 50 lab tons / xyoo, thiab qhov kev thov sib xws rau ammonia hluavtaws yog ib puag ncig 30 lab tons / xyoo. Tus nqi ntawm ammonia noj los ntawm ammonium phosphate chiv yog li 5 lab tons / xyoo, uas kuj tseem ruaj khov.

Kev tsim cov chiv nitrogen hauv kev ua liaj ua teb muaj cov kev cai yooj yim rau kev huv thiab zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ammonia raw. Raws li tus qauv hauv tebchaws GB536-88, cov kua ammonia muaj cov khoom zoo heev, cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws, cov khoom tsim nyog peb qib, cov ntsiab lus ammonia ncav cuag 99.9%, 99.8%, 99.6% lossis ntau dua. Cov chiv nitrogen, xws li urea, muaj cov kev cai dav dua rau qhov zoo thiab huv ntawm cov khoom, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom feem ntau xav tau cov kua ammonia raw kom ncav cuag qib ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog. Tus nqi tag nrho ntawm ammonia hauv kev ua liaj ua teb yog qis heev. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev muab ammonia thiab tus nqi ntawm ammonia, cov chaw tsim khoom hauv tsev urea thiab qee cov chiv ammonium phosphate muaj lub Hoobkas ammonia tus kheej, tus nqi ntawm ammonia nyob ntawm tus nqi ua lag luam ntawm thee, roj av thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub Hoobkas ammonia, tus nqi ntawm ammonia feem ntau yog 1500 ~ 3000 yuan / ton. Tag nrho, tus nqi txaus siab ntawm cov khoom siv ammonia raw hauv kev ua liaj ua teb yog tsawg dua 4000 yuan / ton. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv khoom loj ntawm lub zej zog ua lag luam, txij xyoo 2018 txog 2022, urea yog li 2,600 yuan / ton ntawm tus nqi siab tshaj plaws, thiab kwv yees li 1,700 yuan / ton ntawm tus nqi qis tshaj plaws. Kev tshawb fawb txog zog ua ke nrog ntau theem ntawm cov nqi khoom siv raw, cov nqi txheej txheem thiab lwm yam, yog tias tsis muaj kev poob, urea ntawm tus nqi siab tshaj plaws thiab qis tshaj plaws sib raug rau cov nqi ammonia ntawm kwv yees li 3900 yuan / ton txog 2200 yuan / ton, hauv kab nqi ammonia ntsuab thiab qis dua qib.