Tsib yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim disperse:

Lub zog nqa, lub zog npog, kev ruaj khov ntawm kev tawg, PH rhiab heev, kev sib xws.

1. Lub zog nqa
1. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub zog nqa:
Lub zog nqa yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov xim sib cais. Cov yam ntxwv no qhia tau tias thaum txhua lub xim siv rau kev zas xim lossis luam ntawv, qhov ntau ntawm cov xim maj mam nce, thiab qib ntawm qhov tob ntawm cov xim ntawm daim ntaub (lossis xov paj) nce raws li. Rau cov xim uas muaj lub zog nqa zoo, qhov tob ntawm kev zas xim nce raws li qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov xim, qhia tias muaj kev zas xim tob zoo dua; cov xim uas muaj lub zog nqa tsis zoo muaj kev zas xim tob tsis zoo. Thaum mus txog qee qhov tob, xim yuav tsis tob zuj zus raws li qhov ntau ntawm cov xim nce ntxiv.
2. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev tsa lub zog rau ntawm kev zas xim:
Lub zog nqa ntawm cov xim sib cais sib txawv ntawm ntau hom. Cov xim uas muaj lub zog nqa siab yuav tsum siv rau cov xim tob thiab tuab, thiab cov xim uas muaj qhov nrawm nqa qis siv tau rau lub teeb ci thiab cov xim sib dua. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev paub txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim thiab siv lawv kom raug thiaj li ua tau qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txuag cov xim thiab txo cov nqi.
3. Kev sim tsa:
Lub zog tsa xim ntawm kev zas xim kub thiab siab siab yog qhia hauv%. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zas xim tshwj xeeb, qhov nrawm ntawm cov xim hauv cov kua xim raug ntsuas, lossis qhov tob ntawm cov xim ntawm cov qauv zas xim raug ntsuas ncaj qha. Qhov tob zas xim ntawm txhua cov xim tuaj yeem faib ua rau qib raws li 1, 2, 3.5, 5, 7.5, 10% (OMF), thiab zas xim yog ua tiav hauv lub tshuab kuaj me me ntawm qhov kub thiab siab siab. Lub zog tsa xim ntawm kev zas xim kub yaj lossis luam ntawv textile yog qhia hauv g / L.
Hais txog qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsim khoom, lub zog tsa ntawm cov xim yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov concentration ntawm cov kua xim, uas yog, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov khoom tiav piv rau cov khoom dyed. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tsis yog tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees tau, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov tob ntawm xim nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej, thiab tom qab ntawd xam qhov nkhaus ntawm lub zog tsa ntawm cov xim disperse los ntawm cov mis tob xim.
2. Lub hwj chim npog

1. Lub zog npog ntawm cov xim pleev yog dab tsi?

Ib yam li kev zais cov paj rwb tuag los ntawm cov xim reactive lossis cov xim vat thaum zas xim paj rwb, kev zais cov xim disperse ntawm cov polyester tsis zoo hu ua kev npog ntawm no. Cov ntaub polyester (lossis acetate fiber) filament, suav nrog cov khaub ncaws knitwear, feem ntau muaj xim ntxoov ntxoo tom qab lawv tau zas xim nrog cov xim disperse. Muaj ntau yam laj thawj rau cov xim profile, qee qhov yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev xaws, thiab qee qhov raug nthuav tawm tom qab zas xim vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov fiber.

2. Kev ntsuam xyuas kev them nqi:

Xaiv cov ntaub polyester filament tsis zoo, zas xim nrog cov xim sib txawv thiab ntau yam nyob rau hauv tib qho kev mob zas xim, cov xwm txheej sib txawv yuav tshwm sim. Qee qib xim yog qhov loj thiab qee qhov tsis pom tseeb, uas qhia tau tias cov xim sib txawv muaj qib xim sib txawv. Qib ntawm kev npog. Raws li tus qauv grey, qib 1 nrog qhov sib txawv xim loj thiab qib 5 tsis muaj qhov sib txawv xim.

Lub zog npog ntawm cov xim sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xim yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov qauv xim nws tus kheej. Feem ntau cov xim uas muaj qhov nrawm pib zas xim siab, kev sib kis qeeb thiab kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw tsis zoo muaj kev npog tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xim. Lub zog npog kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev nrawm sublimation.

3. Kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov polyester filament:

Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov xim disperse uas muaj lub zog npog tsis zoo siv tau los ntes qhov zoo ntawm cov polyester fibers. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom fiber tsis ruaj khov, suav nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev kos duab thiab kev teeb tsa cov txheej txheem, yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis sib xws hauv kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov fiber. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov xim polyester feem ntau yog ua nrog cov xim npog tsis zoo Eastman Fast Blue GLF (CI Disperse Blue 27), qhov tob dyeing 1%, npau ntawm 95 ～ 100 ℃ rau 30 feeb, ntxuav thiab ziab raws li qib ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm xim.

4. Kev tiv thaiv hauv kev tsim khoom:

Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov xim ntxoov ntxoo hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, thawj kauj ruam yog kom txhawb nqa kev tswj hwm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv polyester fiber raw. Lub tshuab xaws yuav tsum siv cov xov seem ua ntej hloov cov khoom. Rau cov khoom siv raw tsis zoo uas paub zoo, cov xim disperse nrog lub zog npog zoo tuaj yeem xaiv tau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm cov khoom tiav.

3. Kev ruaj khov ntawm kev tawg

1. Kev ruaj khov ntawm cov xim sib cais:

Cov xim disperse raug nchuav rau hauv dej thiab tom qab ntawd tawg mus rau hauv cov khoom me me. Qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom me me raug nthuav dav raws li cov mis binomial, nrog rau tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm 0.5 txog 1 micron. Qhov loj me ntawm cov xim lag luam zoo yog ze heev, thiab muaj feem pua ​​siab, uas tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm cov kab nkhaus faib tawm ntawm cov khoom me me. Cov xim uas muaj qhov faib tawm ntawm cov khoom me me tsis zoo muaj cov khoom loj ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab kev ruaj khov tsis zoo. Yog tias qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me ntau dua li qhov nruab nrab, kev rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom me me yuav tshwm sim. Vim yog qhov nce ntawm cov khoom loj recrystallized, cov xim tau precipitated thiab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tshuab dyeing lossis ntawm cov fibers.

Yuav kom cov xim me me ua kom ruaj khov, yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj yaj xim kub txaus hauv dej. Cov xim me me nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov tshuaj yaj, uas tiv thaiv cov xim kom tsis txhob sib ze, tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke lossis kev sib sau ua ke. Qhov kev thawb cov nqi ntawm cov anion pab tswj qhov kev yaj. Cov tshuaj yaj anionic feem ntau siv suav nrog cov lignosulfonates ntuj lossis cov tshuaj yaj naphthalene sulfonic acid: kuj tseem muaj cov tshuaj yaj non-ionic, feem ntau yog alkylphenol polyoxyethylene derivatives, uas yog siv tshwj xeeb rau kev luam ntawv nplaum hluavtaws.

2. Cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ruaj khov ntawm cov xim disperse:

Cov khoom tsis huv hauv cov xim thawj zaug yuav cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub xeev dispersion. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xim siv lead ua kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Qee lub xeev siv lead ua yooj yim rau disperse, thaum lwm tus tsis yooj yim. Thaum lub sijhawm dyeing, lub xeev siv lead ua ntawm cov xim qee zaum hloov pauv.

Thaum cov xim pleev xim tawg rau hauv cov kua dej, vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam sab nraud, lub xeev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom tawg raug rhuav tshem, uas yuav ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov xim pleev xim nce ntxiv, cov khoom me me sib sau ua ke thiab cov khoom sib xyaw.

Qhov txawv ntawm kev sib sau ua ke thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke yog tias qhov qub tuaj yeem ploj mus dua, rov qab tau, thiab tuaj yeem sib xyaw dua los ntawm kev sib tov, thaum cov xim sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov sib xyaw uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los ruaj khov. Cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov xim sib xyaw suav nrog: cov xim me me, cov xim qeeb dua, cov xim qis dua, cov xim tsis sib xws, thiab cov xim tsis zoo.

Cov yam ua rau tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov kua dej sib xyaw yog raws li nram no: cov xim tsis zoo, kub ntawm cov kua dej siab, lub sijhawm ntev dhau, lub twj tso kua dej ceev dhau, tus nqi pH qis, cov khoom pabcuam tsis zoo, thiab cov ntaub qias neeg.

3. Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ruaj khov ntawm kev tawg:

A. Txoj kev lim ntawv:
Nrog 10 g/L disperse dye solution, ntxiv acetic acid los kho qhov pH. Siv 500 ml thiab lim nrog daim ntawv lim #2 ntawm lub raj porcelain kom pom qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom me me. Siv lwm 400 ml hauv lub tshuab zas xim kub thiab siab rau kev sim dawb paug, ua kom sov rau 130 ° C, khaws cia kom sov rau 1 teev, txias nws, thiab lim nws nrog daim ntawv lim los sib piv cov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom me me. Tom qab cov kua zas xim kub ntawm qhov kub siab raug lim, tsis muaj xim ntawm daim ntawv, qhia tias qhov ruaj khov ntawm kev sib xyaw zoo.

B. Txoj kev siv xim rau tsiaj:
Cov xim zas 2.5% (qhov hnyav rau polyester), qhov piv ntawm da dej 1:30, ntxiv 1 ml ntawm 10% ammonium sulfate, kho kom pH 5 nrog 1% acetic acid, noj 10 grams ntawm polyester knitted ntaub, dov nws rau ntawm phab ntsa porous, thiab ncig sab hauv thiab sab nraud cov tshuaj zas. Hauv lub tshuab zas xim me me uas kub thiab siab, qhov kub nce mus txog 130 ° C ntawm 80 ° C, khaws cia rau 10 feeb, txias txog 100 ° C, ntxuav thiab ziab hauv dej, thiab saib seb puas muaj cov xim zas uas muaj xim sib xyaw rau ntawm daim ntaub.

Qhov thib plaub, pH rhiab heev

1. Kev rhiab heev ntawm pH yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau hom disperse dyes, dav chromatograms, thiab sib txawv heev rau pH. Cov tshuaj dyeing nrog cov nqi pH sib txawv feem ntau ua rau muaj cov txiaj ntsig dyeing sib txawv, cuam tshuam rau qhov tob ntawm xim, thiab txawm tias ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv xim loj heev. Hauv cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog (pH4.5 ～ 5.5), disperse dyes nyob rau hauv lub xeev ruaj khov tshaj plaws.

Cov nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj zas xim lag luam tsis zoo ib yam, qee qhov yog nruab nrab, thiab qee qhov yog me ntsis alkaline. Ua ntej zas xim, kho rau pH teev tseg nrog acetic acid. Thaum lub sijhawm zas xim, qee zaum tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj zas xim yuav maj mam nce. Yog tias tsim nyog, formic acid thiab ammonium sulfate tuaj yeem ntxiv rau kom cov tshuaj zas xim nyob rau hauv lub xeev kua qaub tsis muaj zog.

2. Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv xim rau pH rhiab heev:

Qee cov xim sib cais nrog cov qauv azo yog rhiab heev rau alkali thiab tsis tiv taus kev txo qis. Feem ntau ntawm cov xim sib cais nrog cov pab pawg ester, cov pab pawg cyano lossis cov pab pawg amide yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm alkaline hydrolysis, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov ntxoov ntxoo ib txwm muaj. Qee hom tuaj yeem zas xim hauv tib lub dab da dej nrog cov xim ncaj qha lossis cov ntaub pua plag zas xim hauv tib lub dab da dej nrog cov xim reactive txawm tias lawv raug zas xim ntawm qhov kub siab hauv qab qhov nruab nrab lossis tsis muaj zog alkaline yam tsis muaj kev hloov xim.

Thaum luam ntawv xim yuav tsum siv cov disperse dyes thiab reactive dyes los luam ntawv tib qhov loj me, tsuas yog cov alkali-stable dyes siv tau kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm baking soda lossis soda ash rau ntawm daim ntaub ntxoov ntxoo. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev sib phim xim. Yuav tsum xeem dhau ua ntej hloov cov xim sib txawv, thiab nrhiav seb cov xim pH ruaj khov npaum li cas.
5. Kev Sib Haum Xeeb

1. Kev txhais ntawm kev sib raug zoo:

Hauv kev tsim cov xim ntau, txhawm rau kom tau txais kev rov ua dua zoo, feem ntau nws yuav tsum tau ua kom cov khoom siv zas xim ntawm peb lub xim tseem ceeb siv zoo sib xws kom ntseeg tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim yog sib xws ua ntej thiab tom qab cov khoom sib dhos. Yuav ua li cas tswj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tiav lawm hauv qhov ntau yam zoo? Qhov no yog tib lo lus nug uas cuam tshuam txog kev sib phim xim ntawm cov ntawv sau zas xim, uas hu ua kev sib xws ntawm cov xim (tseem hu ua kev sib xws ntawm cov xim). Kev sib xws ntawm cov xim sib cais kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog qhov tob ntawm kev zas xim.

Cov xim dyes disperse siv rau kev zas xim ntawm cellulose acetate feem ntau yuav tsum tau muaj xim ntawm ze li ntawm 80 ° C. Qhov kub ntawm cov xim ntawm cov xim yog siab dhau lossis qis dhau, uas tsis zoo rau kev sib phim xim.

2. Kev sim sib xws:

Thaum polyester raug zas xim ntawm qhov kub thiab siab siab, cov yam ntxwv zas xim ntawm cov xim disperse feem ntau hloov pauv vim muaj kev koom ua ke ntawm lwm cov xim zas. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus dav dav yog xaiv cov xim zas nrog cov kub zas zoo sib xws rau kev sib phim xim. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov sib xws ntawm cov xim zas, ib qho kev sim zas xim me me tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li cov xwm txheej zoo ib yam li cov khoom siv zas xim, thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb xws li qhov concentration ntawm daim ntawv qhia, qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj zas xim thiab lub sijhawm zas xim raug hloov pauv los sib piv cov xim thiab lub teeb sib xws ntawm cov qauv ntaub zas xim. , Muab cov xim zas nrog kev sib xws zas xim zoo dua rau hauv ib pawg.

3. Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov sib xws ntawm cov xim dyes tsim nyog?

Thaum cov ntaub polyester-paj rwb sib xyaw ua ke raug zas xim hauv cov kub yaj, cov xim sib phim yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam li cov xim monochromatic. Qhov kub yaj thiab lub sijhawm yuav tsum sib xws nrog cov yam ntxwv kho ntawm cov xim kom ntseeg tau tias cov xim tau zoo tshaj plaws. Txhua cov xim ib leeg muaj cov kab kho kub yaj tshwj xeeb, uas tuaj yeem siv ua lub hauv paus rau kev xaiv cov xim sib phim ua ntej. Cov xim sib xyaw hom kub siab feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem phim cov xim nrog hom kub qis, vim tias lawv xav tau qhov kub yaj sib txawv. Cov xim kub nruab nrab tsis tsuas yog tuaj yeem phim cov xim nrog cov xim kub siab, tab sis kuj muaj kev sib xws nrog cov xim kub qis. Kev sib phim xim tsim nyog yuav tsum xav txog qhov sib xws ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim thiab qhov xim ceev. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib phim xim tsis raug yog tias qhov ntxoov ntxoo tsis ruaj khov thiab cov xim rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo.

Feem ntau ntseeg tias cov duab ntawm cov kab kho kub-yaj ntawm cov xim yog tib yam lossis zoo sib xws, thiab tus lej ntawm cov txheej monochromatic diffusion ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab polyester kuj zoo ib yam. Thaum ob lub xim raug dyed ua ke, lub teeb xim hauv txhua txheej diffusion tseem tsis hloov pauv, qhia tias ob lub xim muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog ib leeg hauv kev sib phim xim; ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, cov duab ntawm cov kab kho kub-yaj ntawm cov xim yog txawv (piv txwv li, ib qho nkhaus nce nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub, thiab lwm qhov nkhaus txo qis nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov kub), cov txheej diffusion monochromatic ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab polyester Thaum ob lub xim nrog cov lej sib txawv raug dyed ua ke, cov xim hauv cov txheej diffusion yog txawv, yog li nws tsis haum rau ib leeg kom phim cov xim, tab sis tib lub hue tsis raug rau qhov kev txwv no. Siv ib lub txiv ntseej: Disperse tsaus xiav HGL thiab disperse liab 3B lossis disperse daj RGFL muaj cov kab kho kub-yaj sib txawv kiag li, thiab tus lej ntawm cov txheej diffusion ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab polyester yog txawv heev, thiab lawv tsis tuaj yeem phim cov xim. Vim tias Disperse Red M-BL thiab Disperse Red 3B muaj cov xim zoo sib xws, lawv tseem siv tau rau hauv kev sib phim xim txawm tias lawv cov khoom kub-yaj tsis sib xws.