1,3-Dichlorobenzene yog ib yam kua tsis muaj xim nrog ib qho tsw ntxhiab tsw qab. Tsis yaj hauv dej, yaj hauv cawv thiab ether. Muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg lub cev, ua rau khaus qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij. Nws yog flammable thiab tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm chlorination, nitration, sulfonation, thiab hydrolysis reactions. Nws reacts hnyav nrog txhuas thiab siv rau hauv cov organic synthesis.

1. Cov Khoom: kua tsis muaj xim nrog ntxhiab tsw qab.
2. Lub ntsiab lus yaj (℃): -24.8
3. Kub taw tes (℃): 173
4. Qhov ceev sib piv (dej = 1): 1.29
5. Qhov ceev ntawm cov pa sib piv (cua = 1): 5.08
6. Qhov siab ntawm cov pa roj uas tau nqus (kPa): 0.13 (12.1 ℃)
7. Kub ntawm kev sib xyaw (kJ / mol): -2952.9
8. Kub tseem ceeb (℃): 415.3
9. Qhov siab tseem ceeb (MPa): 4.86
10. Cov coefficient ntawm kev faib Octanol/dej: 3.53
11. Qhov kub hnyiab (℃): 72
12. Kub hnyiab (℃): 647
13. Qhov txwv siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev tawg (%): 7.8
14. Qhov txwv qis dua ntawm kev tawg (%): 1.8
15. Kev yaj: tsis yaj hauv dej, yaj hauv ethanol thiab ether, thiab yooj yim yaj hauv acetone.
16. Qhov sib zog (mPa·s, 23.3ºC): 1.0450
17. Qhov chaw kub hnyiab (ºC): 648
18. Kub ntawm kev ua kom qhuav (KJ / mol, bp): 38.64
19. Kub ntawm kev tsim (KJ / mol, 25ºC, kua): 20.47
20. Kub ntawm kev sib xyaw (KJ / mol, 25ºC, kua): 2957.72
21. Lub peev xwm kub tshwj xeeb (KJ/(kg·K), 0ºC, kua): 1.13
22. Kev yaj (%, dej, 20ºC): 0.0111
23. Qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ceev (25 ℃, 4 ℃): 1.2828
24. Qhov ntsuas kub ib txwm muaj (n25): 1.5434
25. Cov txheej txheem yaj (J·cm-3) 0.5: 19.574
26. Van der Waals cheeb tsam (cm2·mol-1): 8.220 × 109
27. Van der Waals ntim (cm3·mol-1): 87.300
28. Tus qauv theem kua thov kom muaj cua sov (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): -20.7
29. Cov kua theem txheem kub yaj (J·mol-1·K-1): 170.9
30. Tus qauv theem roj thov kom muaj cua sov (enthalpy) (kJ·mol-1): 25.7
31. Tus qauv entropy ntawm cov roj theem (J·mol-1·K-1): 343.64
32. Lub zog dawb txheem ntawm kev tsim nyob rau hauv theem roj (kJ · mol-1): 78.0
33. Cov roj theem txheem kub yaj (J·mol-1·K-1): 113.90

Txoj kev khaws cia
Cov Lus Ceeb Toom Txog Kev Khaws Cia [Khaws cia rau hauv lub tsev khaws khoom txias thiab muaj cua nkag. Khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov hluav taws thiab cov cua sov. Khaws lub thawv kom kaw ruaj. Nws yuav tsum khaws cia cais ntawm cov tshuaj oxidants, txhuas, thiab cov tshuaj noj tau, thiab tsis txhob khaws cia sib xyaw. Nruab nrog ntau yam thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom siv tua hluav taws. Qhov chaw khaws cia yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia tsim nyog.

Kev daws teeb meem:

Cov txheej txheem npaj yog raws li nram no. Siv chlorobenzene ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev ntxiv chlorination, p-dichlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene thiab m-dichlorobenzene tau txais. Txoj kev sib cais dav dav siv cov dichlorobenzene sib xyaw rau kev sib cais tas mus li. Cov para- thiab meta-dichlorobenzene yog distilled los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub pej thuam, p-dichlorobenzene yog precipitated los ntawm kev khov thiab crystallization, thiab cov kua dej niam ces raug kho kom tau txais meta-dichlorobenzene. Lub o-dichlorobenzene yog flash distilled hauv lub pej thuam flash kom tau txais o-dichlorobenzene. Tam sim no, cov dichlorobenzene sib xyaw siv txoj kev adsorption thiab kev sib cais, siv cov molecular sieve ua adsorbent, thiab cov roj theem sib xyaw dichlorobenzene nkag mus rau hauv lub pej thuam adsorption, uas tuaj yeem xaiv adsorbent p-dichlorobenzene, thiab cov kua seem yog meta thiab ortho dichlorobenzene. Kev kho kom tau txais m-dichlorobenzene thiab o-dichlorobenzene. Qhov kub adsorption yog 180-200 ° C, thiab lub siab adsorption yog lub siab ib txwm.

1. Txoj kev diazotization ntawm Meta-phenylenediamine: Meta-phenylenediamine raug diazotized nyob rau hauv qhov muaj sodium nitrite thiab sulfuric acid, qhov kub diazotization yog 0 ~ 5 ℃, thiab cov kua diazonium raug hydrolyzed nyob rau hauv qhov muaj cuprous chloride los tsim intercalation. Dichlorobenzene.

2. Txoj kev Meta-chloroaniline: Siv meta-chloroaniline ua cov khoom siv raw, diazotization yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv qhov muaj sodium nitrite thiab hydrochloric acid, thiab cov kua diazonium yog hydrolyzed nyob rau hauv qhov muaj cuprous chloride los tsim meta-dichlorobenzene.

Ntawm ntau txoj kev npaj saum toj no, txoj kev tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam thiab tus nqi qis dua yog txoj kev sib cais adsorption ntawm cov dichlorobenzene sib xyaw. Twb muaj cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb rau kev tsim khoom.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb:

1. Siv rau hauv kev tsim cov organic. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Friedel-Crafts ntawm m-dichlorobenzene thiab chloroacetyl chloride ua rau muaj 2,4,ω-trichloroacetophenone, uas yog siv ua ib qho nruab nrab rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob broad-spectrum miconazole. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm chlorination yog ua tiav thaum muaj ferric chloride lossis txhuas mercury, feem ntau yog tsim 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Thaum muaj ib qho catalyst, nws yog hydrolyzed ntawm 550-850 ° C los tsim m-chlorophenol thiab resorcinol. Siv tooj liab oxide ua ib qho catalyst, nws reacts nrog concentrated ammonia ntawm 150-200 ° C nyob rau hauv siab los tsim m-phenylenediamine.
2. Siv rau hauv kev tsim cov xim, cov organic synthesis intermediates thiab cov kuab tshuaj.

Cov ntaub ntawv txog kev lom:

1. Kev lom tshuaj lom heev: nas intraperitoneal LD50: 1062mg/kg, tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus tshwj tsis yog rau cov tshuaj tua neeg;

2. Cov ntaub ntawv txog kev lom ntau yam: nas noj TDLo: 1470 mg/kg/10D-I, kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm daim siab-daim siab, tag nrho cov khoom noj khoom haus metabolism, calcium-enzyme inhibition, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntshav lossis cov ntaub so ntswg-phosphatase;

Nas noj TDLo: 3330mg/kg/90D-I, kev hloov pauv endocrine, kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom xyaw ntshav-serum (xws li tshuaj yej polyphenols, bilirubin, cholesterol), biochemical-enzyme inhibition, inducing lossis hloov cov ntshav lossis cov ntaub so ntswg-dehydrogenation Enzyme hloov pauv

3. Cov ntaub ntawv txog kev hloov pauv: kev hloov pauv noob caj noob ces thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm mitosisTEST system: Yeast-Saccharomyces cerevisiae: 5ppm;

Kev kuaj mob micronucleus IntraperitonealTEST system: nas-nas: 175mg/kg/24H.

4. Qhov tshuaj lom tsawg dua li ntawm o-dichlorobenzene me ntsis, thiab nws tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Ua rau lub siab thiab lub raum puas tsuaj. Qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab yog 0.2mg/L (qhov zoo ntawm dej).

5. Kev lom tshuaj LD50: 1062mg/kg (nas txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha); 1062mg/kg (nas lub plab)

6. Ua rau khaus Tsis muaj ntaub ntawv qhia

7. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov noob caj noob ces: Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5ppm. Kev kuaj Micronucleus: kev siv tshuaj intraperitoneal ntawm 175mg/kg (24 teev) hauv nas

8. Kev ua rau mob qog noj ntshav IARC kev tshuaj xyuas txog kev ua rau mob qog noj ntshav: Pawg 3, cov pov thawj uas twb muaj lawm tsis tuaj yeem faib ua pawg neeg ua rau mob qog noj ntshav rau tib neeg.