Kuj hu ua dimethylaniline, tsis muaj xim rau lub teeb daj oily kua, irritating tsw, nyob rau hauv cov huab cua los yog nyob rau hauv lub hnub yooj yim oxidation siv Ze ua tob. Cov txheeb ze ntom ntom (20 ℃ / 4 ℃) 0.9555, qhov chaw khov 2.0 ℃, kub taw tes 193 ℃, flash point (qhib) 77 ℃, ignition point 317 ℃, viscosity (25 ℃) 1.528 MPa · s, refractive index (N250D8) 1. . Soluble nyob rau hauv ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene thiab lwm yam organic solvents. Muaj peev xwm yaj ntau yam organic tebchaw. Me ntsis soluble hauv dej. Flammable, yuav hlawv nyob rau hauv qhib hluav taws, chav thiab cua los ua ib tug tawg sib tov, tawg txwv ntawm 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). High toxicity, siab thermal decomposition ntawm kev tso tawm cov pa roj aniline lom. Yuav nqus tau los ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tshuaj lom, LD501410mg / kg, qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai nyob rau hauv huab cua yog 5mg / m3.

Txoj kev khaws cia

1. Cov Lus Cim Cia [25] Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhov cua txias. Khaws kom deb ntawm hluav taws thiab cua sov. Khaws lub thawv kaw. Yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm cov kua qaub, halogens thiab cov khoom noj tshuaj, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob sib xyaw. Nruab nrog cov khoom sib xws thiab ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tua hluav taws. Lub chaw cia khoom yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia tsim nyog.

2. Muab ntim rau hauv lub nruas hlau, 180kg ib chim. Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw txias thiab ventilated. Khaws thiab thauj khoom raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tshuaj lom

Cov txheej txheem hluavtaws

1. Los ntawm aniline thiab methanol nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sulfuric acid, los ntawm kev kub siab thiab kub siab. Cov txheej txheem ntws: 1. Ntxiv 790kg ntawm aniline, 625kg ntawm methanol thiab 85kg ntawm sulfuric acid (100% ammonium) rau lub reactor, tswj qhov kub ntawm 210-215 ℃ thiab siab 3.1MPa, react rau 4h, ces tso lub siab, Tshem tawm cov khoom mus rau lub separator, neutralize nrog 30% sodium hydroxide, sawv ntsug, thiab cais cov qis quaternary ammonium ntsev. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrolysis ntawm 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa rau 3h, qhov tshwm sim hydrolyzate thiab cov roj sab saud tau ua ke nrog cov dej ntxuav thiab nqus dej distillation kom tau txais cov khoom tiav.

2, nrog methanol thiab aniline raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm ntau heev methanol, atmospheric siab, 200-250 ℃, los ntawm alumina catalyst synthesis. Cov khoom siv raw quota: aniline 790kg / t, methanol 625kg / t, sulfuric acid 85kg / t. Kev npaj hauv chav kuaj tuaj yeem ua rau aniline nrog trimethyl phosphate.

3. Sib xyaw aniline thiab methanol (N aniline: N methanol ≈ 1: 3) thiab txhaj rau hauv lub reactor nruab nrog catalyst ntawm qhov chaw ceev ntawm 0.5h-1 los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis reciprocating non-pulse metering. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv effluent thawj zaug nkag mus rau hauv cov iav roj-kua cais, thiab cov kua uas tau sau rau ntawm qhov qis ntawm qhov sib cais yog muab tawm tsis tu ncua rau kev tshuaj ntsuam chromatographic.

4. Nyob rau hauv 2001, Nankai University thiab Tianjin Ruikai Science thiab Technology Development Co., Ltd tau sib koom ua ke tsim cov aniline methylation catalyst kom paub cov roj theem synthesis ntawm N, N-dimethylaniline. Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no: Tom qab cov kua aniline tov nrog methanol nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem, nws yog vaporized nyob rau hauv ib tug vaporization ntauwd thiab ces nkag mus rau hauv ib tug tubular reactor nrog rau qhov chaw ceev ntawm 0.5-1.0h-1 (lub txaj tsau ntawm lub tubular reactor. yog nruab nrog kev txhawb nqa nanometer khoom catalyst) rau kev tsim khoom tas li ntawm 250-300 ℃ thiab atmospheric siab. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm DMA yog siab dua 96%.

Refining txoj kev: feem ntau muaj aniline, N-methyl aniline thiab lwm yam impurities. Thaum lub sij hawm refining, N, N-dimethylaniline yog yaj nyob rau hauv 40% sulfuric acid thiab chav distillation yog nqa tawm. Sodium hydroxide yog ntxiv los ua kom yooj yim. Lub chav distillation txuas ntxiv mus. Lub distillate yog cais rau hauv ib txheej aqueous thiab qhuav nrog poov tshuaj hydroxide. Distillation ntawm atmospheric siab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm acetic anhydride. Cov distillate tau ntxuav nrog dej kom tshem tawm cov kab mob acetic anhydride, tom qab ntawd qhuav nrog potassium hydroxide, tom qab ntawd los ntawm barium oxide thiab decompressed distillation hauv cov kwj nitrogen. Lwm txoj kev kho kom zoo suav nrog ntxiv 10% acetic anhydride thiab reflux rau ob peb teev kom tshem tawm cov thawj thiab theem nrab amines. Tom qab txias, ntxiv 20% hydrochloric acid thiab rho tawm nrog ether. Cov txheej hydrochloric acid tau ua alkaline los ntawm kev ntxiv alkali, thiab ces muab rho tawm nrog ether. Cov txheej ether tau qhuav nrog potassium hydroxide thiab tom qab ntawd distilled nyob rau hauv siab nyob rau hauv nitrogen. N, N-dimethylaniline kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov mus rau picronate, recrystallized mus rau lub melting point tas li nrog ib tug sov so 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous tov rau decompose picronate. Extract nrog ether, ntxuav nrog dej thiab qhuav tom qab lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation.

5. Aniline, methanol thiab sulfuric acid yog tov nyob rau hauv proportions thiab condensed nyob rau hauv lub autoclave. Tom qab cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv tau zoo los ntawm kev nyem nyem, alkali ntxiv rau qhov nruab nrab, kev sib cais, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom tau txais los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation.

6. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv methylation ntawm aniline thiab trimethyl phosphate tuaj yeem tsim N, N-dimethylaniline: ces muab rho tawm nrog ether, qhuav distillation.

7. N, N-dimethylaniline tuaj yeem ua ke los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm aniline thiab methanol ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 1∶ 3.5 hauv lub txaj catalytic ntawm Cu-Mn lossis Cu-Zn-Cr Ziegler catalyst ntawm 280 ℃. Qhov tshwm sim N, N-dimethylaniline yog sau rau hauv chav distillation ntawm 54 daim hlau nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 193 txog 195 ℃ thiab ntim rau hauv cov iav xim av. Rau kev npaj chromatography ntshiab N, N-dimethylaniline, nitrogen tuaj yeem ua cov pa roj carbon monoxide, hauv kev npaj roj chromatography nrog Ben 犅 yaku kem txhaj tshuaj kho ntawm N, N-dimethylaniline, los ntawm kev sib cais thiab sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ncov feem, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv lub khob ampoule foob yuav ua tau.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb

1. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov ntsev hauv qab dyes (triphenyl methane dyes, thiab lwm yam) thiab cov xim yooj yim, cov hom tseem ceeb yog alkaline ci daj, alkaline ntshav 5GN, alkaline ntsuab, alkaline pas dej xiav, ci ntsa iab liab 5GN, ci ntsa iab xiav, thiab lwm yam N, N-dimethylaniline hauv kev lag luam tshuaj rau kev tsim cov cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide B-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, thiab lwm yam, hauv kev lag luam tshuaj tsw qab rau kev tsim cov vanillin, thiab lwm yam. 2. Siv raws li ib qho hnyav, hlau preservative, curing tus neeg sawv cev ntawm epoxy resin, curing accelerator ntawm polyester resin, catalyst rau lub polymerization ntawm ethylene tebchaw, thiab lwm yam. Nws kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm yooj yim triphenyl methane dyes, azo dyes thiab vanillin. 3. Cov khoom no yog siv los ua ib qho catalyst rau ua polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yas nrog cov organic tin compounds. Kuj tseem siv los ua roj hmab vulcanization accelerator, tawg, tshuaj raw khoom. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov xim hauv paus (triphenyl methane dyes, thiab lwm yam) thiab cov xim yooj yim. Cov hom tseem ceeb yog cov xim daj daj, xim liab BN, yooj yim ntsuab, yooj yim pas dej xiav, ci ntsa iab liab 5GN, ci ntsa iab xiav, thiab lwm yam - dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, thiab lwm yam., hauv kev lag luam tshuaj tsw qab rau kev tsim cov vanillin, thiab lwm yam. 4. Siv los ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm epoxy resin, polyester resin thiab anaerobic adhesive, kom cov nplaum anaerobic tuaj yeem kho sai. Nws kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov kuab tshuaj, ib qho catalyst rau lub polymerization ntawm ethylene tebchaw, ib tug hlau preservative, ib tug ultraviolet absorber rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, lub teeb sensitizer, thiab lwm yam. kuj siv nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov yooj yim dyes, disperse dyes, acid dyes, roj. soluble dyes thiab txuj lom (vanillin) thiab lwm yam raw khoom. 5. Reagent siv rau kev txiav txim siab photometric ntawm nitrite. Nws kuj yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj thiab hauv cov organic synthesis. 6. Siv ua dye intermediate, hnyav, stabilizer, analytical reagent.