Raws li ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, kev lag luam cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab yog qhov chaw tshiab uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab kev loj hlob muaj peev xwm hauv kev lag luam tshuaj. Cov cai xws li "14th Tsib Xyoo Plan" thiab "Ob Tug Carbon" lub tswv yim tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev siv tshuab ntawm kev lag luam.

Cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab muaj cov tshuaj fluorine, organic silicon, txuag hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, hluav taws xob tshuaj, inks thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tshiab. Lawv xa mus rau cov tam sim no tsim thiab nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob uas muaj kev ua tau zoo heev los yog tej yam tshwj xeeb functions uas tsoos tshuaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj. Ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab. Cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab muaj qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev siv tsheb, tsheb ciav hlau, aviation, cov ntaub ntawv hluav taws xob, khoom siv high-end, kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, khoom siv kho mob, thiab kev tsim kho hauv nroog.

Cov pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab
Muab faib raws li cov khoom lag luam, cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab suav nrog peb pawg: ib qho yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov teb tshiab, lwm qhov yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg siab kawg, thiab qhov thib peb yog cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab uas tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm theem nrab (high- kawg txheej, high-end adhesives), Functional membrane cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam).

Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tshuaj muaj xws li engineering plastics thiab lawv cov alloys, cov khoom siv polymer, cov organic silicon, organic fluorine, fibers tshwj xeeb, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv tshuaj nano, cov roj hmab tshwj xeeb, polyurethane, kev ua haujlwm siab polyolefins, tshwj xeeb coatings, tshwj xeeb muaj. muaj ntau tshaj kaum pawg nrog rau cov nplaum thiab cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb.

Txoj cai tsav kev thev naus laus zis ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab hauv Suav teb tau pib thaum xyoo 1950 thiab 1960s, thiab cov kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb thiab cov cai tswjfwm tau ua tiav los tsim kom muaj kev loj hlob zoo rau Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab hauv kev lag luam. Txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st, Tuam Tshoj txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab tau ua tiav Kev loj hlob tau ua tiav ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tsim tau ua tiav hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab tau coj cov xov xwm zoo rau kev txhim kho ntawm ntau lub lag luam. hauv Suav teb.

Kev soj ntsuam ntawm "14th Tsib Xyoo Plan" ntsig txog kev npaj rau kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg tshiab

Tau ntsib "14th Tsib Xyoo Plan", vim tias cov teeb meem kev lag luam ntsib cov ntim me me, cov qauv tsis tsim nyog, ob peb cov thev naus laus zis qub, tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa rau cov thev naus laus zis, thiab cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb tau tswj hwm los ntawm lwm tus, Cov Khoom Siv Lag Luam Tshiab Tshiab Lub Rooj Sab Laj Kev Txhim Kho tau txiav txim siab los ua kom muaj qhov tsis txaus, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, thiab txhawb kev siv. , Khaws ib lub qhov muag ntawm cov dej num tseem ceeb hauv plaub lub hauv ntej.

Raws li "Tshaj Plaub Tsib Xyoo Kev Txhim Kho Phau Ntawv Qhia rau Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj Tshiab" muab los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Petroleum thiab Chemical Industry Federation thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2021, nws tau npaj tias thaum lub sijhawm "14th Tsib-xyoo Plan", kuv lub teb chaws cov tshuaj tshiab. Cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam cov nyiaj tau los tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam kev nqis peev ruaj khov Kev loj hlob sai thiab siv zog ua kom tiav high-end thiab txawv kev lag luam los ntawm 2025, nrog rau kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv txoj kev txhim kho thiab kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam.

Kev tsom xam ntawm kev tsav tsheb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab hauv kev lag luam los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm carbon neutrality thiab carbon peaking

Qhov tseeb, lub tswv yim dual-carbon txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov qauv ntawm kev lag luam thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev lag luam los ntawm kev txhim kho nrog kev txwv, thiab txhawb kev txhim kho kev lag luam hauv kev ua tau zoo dua thiab muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua. Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, piav qhia txog kev tsav tsheb ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab hauv kev lag luam.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm ob lub hom phiaj yog los txhim kho cov khoom siv thiab tsim kev thov. Optimizing mov yog embodied nyob rau hauv lub compression ntawm rov qab muaj peev xwm ntau lawm thiab txhawb cov txheej txheem tshiab. Lub peev xwm tsim tawm tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj feem ntau yog nruj me ntsis txwv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab hloov tau thiab siv cov catalysts tshiab yog siv los ua kom cov khoom siv raw khoom thiab ua kom cov pa tso pa. Txo cov pa roj carbon emissions thiab maj mam hloov lub peev xwm rov qab uas twb muaj lawm.

Piv txwv li, qhov tseeb DMTO-III thev naus laus zis ntawm Dalian Institute of Chemical Technology tsis tsuas yog txo cov chav noj methanol mus rau 2.66 tons, cov catalyst tshiab kuj nce cov txiaj ntsig ntawm olefin monomers, zam C4 / C5 cracking kauj ruam, thiab ncaj qha txo carbon. cov pa roj carbon dioxide. Tsis tas li ntawd, BASF cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hloov cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ua qhov cua sov rau chav tawg ntawm ethylene nrog lub cub tawg tshiab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, uas tuaj yeem txo cov pa roj carbon dioxide emissions mus txog 90%.

Kev tsim cov kev xav tau kuj muaj ob lub ntsiab lus: ib qho yog txhawm rau nthuav dav daim ntawv thov ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab uas twb muaj lawm, thiab lwm qhov yog hloov cov ntaub ntawv qub nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab uas yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab qis carbon emissions. Tus qub siv zog tshiab ua piv txwv. Lub zog tshiab tsheb siv ntau cov ntaub ntawv xws li thermoplastic elastomers, uas ncaj qha nce qhov kev thov rau cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab. Nyob rau yav tas los, kev hloov cov khoom qub los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab yuav tsis ua rau kom tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg, thiab ntau dua yuav cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov khoom siv raw. Piv txwv li, tom qab kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov yas degradable, kev siv cov yeeb yaj kiab yas tau txo qis.

Kev tsim kho kev taw qhia ntawm thaj chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab
Muaj ntau yam khoom siv tshuaj tshiab. Raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm subdivided cov khoom lag luam thiab qib ntawm kev sib tw, cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab tau muab faib ua peb hom kev yees thiab lawv daim ntawv thov: cov khoom siv polymer siab heev, cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo, thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj inorganic tshiab.

Advanced polymer cov ntaub ntawv technology

Advanced polymer cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau suav nrog silicone roj hmab, fluoroelastomer, polycarbonate, silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene, biodegradable plastics, polyurethane, thiab ion exchange membranes, thiab ntau yam sub-category. Cov thev naus laus zis nrov ntawm cov pawg sub-qib tau sau tseg thiab txheeb xyuas. Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws polymer muaj kev sib faib dav thiab ntau yam kev siv. Ntawm lawv, thaj chaw ntawm cov organic polymer tebchaw thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim yog cov nquag nquag.

Cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws

Kev tshawb fawb hotspots ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev ua haujlwm siab cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam yog cov organic polymer tebchaw, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yooj yim, thiab kev siv lub cev lossis tshuaj lom neeg lossis cov khoom siv, suav txog ze li 50%; Molecular organics yog siv los ua cov khoom xyaw, thiab cov txheej txheem lossis cov cuab yeej siv los hloov cov tshuaj siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo.

Cov khoom siv tshuaj inorganic tshiab

Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab inorganic feem ntau suav nrog graphene, fullerene, hluav taws xob qib phosphoric acid thiab lwm yam sub-category. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj inorganic tshiab thev naus laus zis yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm patented thev naus laus zis yog tsom rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov organic siab Molecular compounds, inorganic chemistry thiab lwm yam haujlwm.

Thaum lub sij hawm "14th Tsib-xyoo Plan", lub xeev tau tsim cov kev cai cuam tshuam los txhawb thiab coj txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab, thiab kev lag luam cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov kev lag luam hauv Suav teb tam sim no loj hlob zoo. . Kev tsom mus rau yav tom ntej ntseeg tau hais tias rau kev lag luam cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab, ntawm ib sab, cov cai tswj kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis ntawm kev lag luam cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, cov kev cai yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab. kev lag luam, thiab tom qab ntawd txhawb kev sib raug zoo peev los ua kom muaj kev tshawb fawb tshiab thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv tshuaj tshiab tshiab. Nrog kev nqis peev, kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tshiab kev lag luam yog cua sov sai.